MSE 560 - Structure of Materials

Fall term - 1997

Time: Tuesday-Thursday, 10:10 AM to 11:30 AM.

Room: 2166 Dow

Instructor: Xiaoqing Pan, Ph.D., Associate Professor of Materials Science and Engineering

Office: 2038 Dow

Phone no. 647-6822

E-mail: panx@umich.edu

Home Page: http://msewww.engin.umich.edu/people/panx

Office hours: Tuesday and Thursday 2-3 PM (or by appointment)

Secretaries: Ms. Judith Hyde and Ms. Renee Hilgendorf

Office: 2168 Dow

Phone: 763-9790

MSE 560: Atomic arrangements in crystalline and noncrystalline materials. Crystallography, kinematic and dynamical theories of diffraction, applications to X-rays, electrons, and neutrons. Interpretation of diffraction patterns and intensity distributions, applications to scattering in perfect and imperfect crystals, and amorphous materials. Continuum description of structure emphasizing the tensor analysis of distortions in solids.

 

Homework
 HW #1 HW #2 HW #3 HW#4 HW #5  HW#6

 

Textbooks:

L. H. Schwartz and J. B. Cohen, Diffraction from Materials, 2nd edition, Springer-Verlag, Heidelberg, (1987).

Other References:

  1. Warren, B. E., X-ray Diffraction, Addison-Wesley Pub. Co., Reading, MA, (1969). Reprinted by Dover publications, New York, (1990).
  2. Cullity, B. D. , Elements of X-ray Diffraction, Addison-Wesley Publishing Co., Inc., Reading, MA, 1978
  3. James, R. W., The Optical Principles of Diffraction of X-rays, G. Bell and Sons Ltd., London, (1954).
  4. Guinier, A., X-ray Diffraction in Crystals, Imperfect Crystals and Amorphous Bodies, W. H. Freedman & Co. Pub., San Francisco, CA, (1963).
  5. Nuffield, E. W., X-ray Diffraction Methods, John Wiley & Sons, Inc., New York, (1966).
  6. Hart, M., Elementary Dynamical Theory, in Characterization of Crystal Growth Defects by X-ray Methods, ed. B. K. Tanner and D. K. Bowen, Plenum Press, New York, (1980), Chapter 9, Pgs. 216-263.
  7. Bacon, G. E., Neutron Diffraction, Clarendon, Oxford, (1975).
  8. Thomas, G., Transmission Electron Microscopy of Metals, John Wiley, New York, (1964).
  9. Winick, H. and D Soniach, S., Synchrotron Radiation Research, Plenum Press, New York, (1980).
  10. Cowley, J. M., Diffraction Physics, North-Holland, Amsterdam, Amsterdam ; New York : Elsevier Science B.V., 1995
  11. Krivoglaz, M. A., X-ray and neutron diffraction in nonideal crystals, Springer-Verlag, Berlin, New York, 1996.
  12. Dorset, D. L. Structural electron crystallography, Plenum Press, New York, 1995.
  13. Ladd, M.F.C. and Palmer, R.A., Structure determination by X-ray crystallography, Plenum Press, New York, 1994.
  14. Hammond, C., Introduction to crystallography, Oxford [England] ; New York : Oxford university press ; Oxford [England] : Royal Microscopical Society, 1992.
  15. Jenkins, R., and Snyder, R. L., Introduction to X-ray powder diffractometry, New York : Wiley, 1996.

Goal: To introduce students to the fundamentals of atomic arrangements in solids and the methods for studying these arrangements which ultimately influence the physical properties of materials.

Prerequisites: MSE 550, an undergraduate degree in Materials Science and Engineering, Metallurgical Engineering, Ceramic Engineering, Physics, Chemistry, or related engineering or science discipline, or the permission of the instructor.

Course Requirements:

Two mid-term examinations 25% each
Homework 10%
Term project report 10%
Final 30%
Total 100%

 

EXAMS (Midterm): Tentatively scheduled for Tuesday, October 14th and Tuesday, November 18th from 10:10 - 11:30 AM.

FINAL: Tentatively scheduled for Tuesday, December 16th from 10:10 - 11:30 AM, plus a term project report.

 

Anticipated Topics:

1. Crystallography

a. Symmetry
b. Crystal lattice
c. Miller indices
d. Crystal structure
e. Reciprocal lattice
f. Stereographic projection
g. Point group
h. Space group
i. Tensor notation and stresses
 

2. Diffraction from Crystalline Materials

a. Generation of Bremsstrahlung and characteristic spectra
b. Bragg's Law and diffraction geometry
c. X-ray diffraction methods: Laue, rotating crystal, powder, spectrometer
d. Interaction of X-ray (electron, neutron) with matter
e. Structure factor
f. Temperature effects
g. Electron diffraction and imaging
h. Small angle scattering
i. High resolution diffraction techniques
 

3. Non-Crystalline Structure

a. Bonding
b. Particle size
c. Radial distribution function
d. Non-crystalline Materials: Fourier Analysis
 

*4. Continuum Descriptions of Structure

a. Tensor analyses of crystalline, liquid crystalline, and non-crystalline materials
b. Distortions and defects
c. Field Equations
d. Boundary value problems
 

5. Computer Modeling and Simulations

a. Crystals
b. Defects
c. Surfaces
d. WAXS: powder, fiber, single crystal
e. Neutron diffraction
f. Electron diffraction, HREM images